– A Guide to Understanding Japanese Sacred Spaces –
When visiting sacred sites in Japan, it’s important to approach both Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples with deep respect. While they may appear similar to first-time visitors, shrines (jinja) and temples (tera) have different roles, origins, and customs.
Note: This blog reflects my personal experiences and views as a Japanese native. Beliefs and practices vary across the world. This article aims only to introduce Japanese manners and customs, not to deny other worldviews.
1. What’s the Fundamental Difference?
| Shrine (Jinja) | Temple (Tera) | |
|---|---|---|
| Religion | Shinto | Buddhism |
| Focus | Kami (Deities) | Buddhas & Bodhisattvas |
| Symbols | Torii gates, shrine buildings | Pagodas, incense, statues |
| Worship | 2 bows, 2 claps, 1 bow | Hands together, silent prayer |
| Clergy | Shinto priests, maidens | Buddhist monks |
2. Entering the Sacred Space
Always bow once before passing through the gate.
▲ Bowing before entering the torii gate or temple gate shows respect to the sacred space.
3. Visiting a Shrine: The Basic Ritual
- Purify hands and mouth at the water basin
- Place an offering (coin)
- Ring the bell (if present)
- Bow twice
- Clap twice
- Make a silent prayer
- Bow once more
▲ The “Two bows, two claps, one bow” ritual performed at Shinto shrines.
4. Visiting a Temple: The Basic Ritual
- Purify yourself (if basin is available)
- Place an offering
- Do not ring bells unless instructed
- Join hands and pray silently
- Bow once to finish
▲ At temples, clapping is not done. The atmosphere is meditative and calm.
5. Final Thoughts
Understanding the difference between shrines and temples not only prevents misunderstandings but also enriches your appreciation of Japanese spirituality and culture.
I hope this guide helps you engage with these sacred places more deeply and respectfully.